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Carbon mineralization, the process during which injected $CO_2$ reacts with the cations released from the dissolution of silicate minerals to form carbonate minerals (e.g. $CaCO_3$), is considered a promising way to permanently store $CO_2$ in rocks (Oelkers et al. 2026, Menefee et al. 2018). Basalt is a widely used host rock for carbon mineralization because it is rich in basic silicate minerals (Matter et al. 2009). To better understand this process and build accurate models to predict the mineralization rate, fluid mixing and reaction at pore-scale need to be investigated.
In this work, pore-scale simulations of the mixing and reaction of two fluids in a porous basalt sample are presented. The basalt sample is constructed from an X-ray scan. Mixing of the two fluids, injected in a co-flow geometry, leads to the precipitation of $CaCO_3$ within the pores. Chemical reactions in the fluid in the region where the two fluids mix are assumed to be much faster than diffusion inside the pores, so species concentrations and precipitation rate are coupled and calculated from the mixing ratio of the two fluids (De Simoni et al. 2007). An example of the simulations is shown in the figure below. From these simulations, we discuss the effects of the compositions of the two fluids and the flow rate on the carbonate precipitation rate.
| References | [1] Eric H Oelkers et al. “CO2 subsurface mineral storage by its co-injection with recirculating water”. In: Nature 651.8107 (2026), pp. 954–958. [2] Anne H Menefee, Daniel E Giammar, and Brian R Ellis. “Permanent CO2 trapping through localized and chemical gradient-driven basalt carbona- tion”. In: Environmental science & technology 52.15 (2018), pp. 8954–8964. [3] J¨urg M Matter and Peter B Kelemen. “Permanent storage of carbon dioxide in geological reservoirs by mineral carbonation”. In: Nature geoscience 2.12 (2009), pp. 837–841. [4] M De Simoni et al. “A mixing ratios-based formulation for multicomponent reactive transport”. In: Water Resources Research 43.7 (2007). |
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| Country | Norway |
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