Foam is composed of gas bubbles separated by continuous liquid films. The films, called lamellae, are stabilized by surfactants. Foam has many applications in underground resources, such as acid stimulation (Thompson and Gdanski 1993), aquifer remediation (Hirasaki et al. 1997) and enhanced oil recovery (Kovscek and Radke 1994; Rossen 1996). In enhanced oil recovery, foam injection can improve...
We consider a model for the flow of two immiscible fluids in a two-dimensional thin strip and in a three-dimensional tube of varying width. This represents an idealization of a pore in a porous medium. The interface separating the fluids forms a freely moving interface in contact with the wall and is driven by the fluid flow and surface tension. The contact line model incorporates Navier-slip...
Gas injection is one of the most effective enhanced oil recovery (EOR) methods, in which the gas–alkane interfacial tension (IFT) is an important parameter. Thus, to accurately estimate gas–alkane mixture IFT plays an imperative role in both chemical and petroleum engineering. Various empirical correlations by fitting the experimental results have been developed in the last several decades,...
Multiphase flow in particle–gas–fluid systems is relevant to many geophysical processes and subsurface engineering applications, such as hydrate production, methane venting, volcanic eruption, etc. Previous researches have investigated the pattern formation in frictional fluid dynamics, viscous fingering instability, wettability alteration, providing the basic understanding of the complex flow...
One of the problems in EOR methods is the instability that occurs on the interface between two fluids with high viscosity contrast. The usage of viscous polymer agent can partially solve the problem by making the water-oil front stable. However the subsequent displacement of polymer by water produce a lot of long thin "water fingers" on the rear end of the polymer slug. The breakthrough of the...
In this work, a coupled finite element method based on porous media theory (TPM), see e.g. [1] [2], for direct modeling of the phase transition of ice and water is presented. In detail, the presented model investigates ice deformation, temperature evolution, and the evolution of energy, enthalpy, and mass exchanges between its constituents. The main idea is based on a theoretically motivated...
Multi-phase flow is controlled by the pore geometry of the porous domain, which is formed by the grain morphology. Grain morphology not only influences fluid behavior and transport but also affects the development of interfacial area over time. One quantitative measure of grain morphology is circularity, i.e., how closely a grain resembles a perfect sphere. The objective of this work is to...
The flow of colloidal particle suspensions in multiphase systems have become widely studied in applications such as oil recovery, drug delivery, and contaminant transport. In oil extraction processes, about two-thirds of the original oil in place remains underground after primary or secondary production. An important key factor contributing to the deficiency of recovery methods is the...
We study how grain shapes impact multiphase flow in porous media in the quasi-static regime. An extended pore-network model with interface tracking algorithm is presented, which considers menisci pinning at sharp edges of grain. Our results show that the effective contact angle distribution during displacement widens as the grain becomes more angular, which consequently modifies the...
Interaction between free flow and porous medium is of great importance in various applications which is controlled by the interface between two domains. Since emerging a droplet on the interface significantly alters interface properties, it consequently has a considerable influence on coupling condition between free flow and porous medium. An interface including droplet not only handles...
This study takes a cue from the research and monitoring activities held in an infiltration trenches cluster downstream of a wastewater treatment plant in Castellana Grotte (Puglia).
Simply using mass balance arguments and Darcy’s law, we model the variation in time of hydraulic head in the infiltration trenches: as a result of this modelling, the saturated hydraulic conductivities are...
Coupled systems containing a free-flow region and a porous-medium domain appear in many technical applications, biological and environmental settings, e.g., industrial filtration, cell proliferation, surface water/groundwater flow. The interaction between the free flow and the porous-medium flow is dominated by the interface driven processes. Thus, for accurate modeling and numerical...
This work focuses on numerical simulations of two-phase flows in porous media at pore-scale in the framework of Volume Of Fluids (VOF) methods. The numerical scheme consists in solving on staggered grids the transport equation for the color function using an alternate directions algorithm together with the variable density incompressible Navier-Stokes equations using a pressure correction...
In this work, numerical and physical experiments were carried out involving two-phase flow in an artificial, transparent porous medium, namely a micromodel. The pore structure was formed by the combination of disordered pillar-like obstacles. With the use of high s sensitivity pressure sensor at the flow inlet we were able to monitor the pressure fluctuations under fixed flux boundary...
In a wide range of porous media applications, the evolution of material boundaries is driven by complex processes at the interface such as biofilm growth and surfactant dynamics, or between two interfaces such as adhesion. To describe and understand these multi-phase and bulk-surface interactions we make use of phase-field modelling. Within this framework, we will present a new and...
We consider transient three-dimensional (3D) two-phase (oil and water) flows, taking place at the core-scale. In this context, we aim at exploiting the full information content associated with available information of (i) the 3D distribution of oil saturation and (ii) the overall pressure difference across the rock sample, to estimate the set of model parameters. We consider a continuum-scale...
Fluid-fluid displacement in porous media occurs in many natural and engineering processes such as water infiltration into soil, geological carbon dioxide storage, and enhanced oil recovery. It has long been recognized that wettability plays an important role in the displacement process. For instance, the displacement pattern of a viscous ambient fluid by a less viscous invading fluid becomes...
Leveraging high-fidelity lattice Boltzmann simulations (1,2) combined with analytical modeling, we investigate the interplay of surface wettability, small-scale heterogeneity of the pore geometry, and mobility conditions influencing the characteristics of immiscible two-phase fluid displacement in natural porous media (3). We present a detailed pore-scale analysis of flow regimes occurring...
Wettability has a dramatic impact on fluid displacement in porous media. The pore level physics of one liquid being displaced by another is a strong function of the wetting characteristics of the channel walls. However, the quantification of the effect is still not clear. Conflicting data have shown that in some oil displacement experiments in rocks, the volume of trapped oil falls as the...
Foam is widely used in oil recovery operations to improve sweep efficiency, in gas storage and acidization operations, and to solve problems caused by either a thief zone or gravity override. Foam, which can be pre-formed and injected in the reservoir or produced in-situ through the pore space, fills the high permeability areas known as thief zones and divert the displacing fluid into the...
The evolution dynamics of trapped bubble populations inside a porous medium through Ostwald ripening is relevant to several applications including CO2 sequestration, liberation of bubbles from liquid hydrocarbons, methane hydrate formation, and oxygenation of groundwater aquifers. We present a pore network model that is capable of simulating the microscopic evolution of thousands of trapped...
Various biological and chemical processes can lead to the nucleation and growth of gas bubbles within the pore space of an otherwise liquid-saturated granular medium, such as in lake beds and waste ponds. The gas is typically non-wetting and, as the bubbles approach the pore size, it is energetically costly for them to invade narrow pore throats. If the solid skeleton is sufficiently soft, it...
We study the invasion patterns when injecting the water with the injection rate of different magnitude into a layer of dry hydrophobic beads contained in a Hele-Shaw cell. We observed a decrease of characteristic finger width with the increase of granular volume fraction, an increase of number of fingers invaded simultaneously with the increase of injection rate, and an increase of finger...
During low tension displacements, aqueous surfactants are injected into porous rocks to mobilize trapped oil or non-aqueous phase liquids (NAPLs). The trapped ganglia move and form aggregations (banks) that are a considerable fraction of the flow domain (~0.1 to 0.5 domain length). Formation of phase banks during low tension displacements has been widely observed in corefloods in the context...
