Mitigating global warming requires a substantial growth in permanent geological CO$_2$ storage by 2050 compared to today’s scale. An increasing number of active CO$_2$ storage projects leads to increased risk due to uncertainty from potential pressure communication between different projects, as well as utilization of sites with limited data. Thus, insurance and other forms of risk sharing...
Characterizing subsurface formations poses significant challenges due to the high-dimensional stochastic space inherent in inverse problems. To make this task computationally tractable, we employ the Karhunen–Loève Expansion (KLE) for dimensionality reduction. Given the heterogeneity of rock properties such as permeability and porosity, a domain-decomposed sampling strategy proves...
Quantitative monitoring of subsurface changes is essential for ensuring the safety of geological CO$_2$ sequestration. Full-waveform monitoring (FWM) can resolve these changes at high spatial resolution, but conventional deterministic inversion lacks uncertainty quantification and incorporates only limited prior information. Deterministic approaches can also yield unreliable results with...
Subsurface flow models are often used to predict states and fluxes in the subsurface. Soil moisture predictions are important for irrigation planning, weather prediction or flood forecasting, while groundwater-level and recharge predictions are needed for water resources management. Integrated models that represent the groundwater system and the unsaturated zone as one system are becoming...
Geologic carbon storage in mafic and ultramafic formations offers a promising strategy for long-term CO2 sequestration through in situ mineralization. Although this process can permanently immobilize carbon, its efficiency depends on the interplay between fluid flow, solute transport and geochemical reactions occurring within complex fracture networks. In this study, we develop a...
Accurate prediction of $CO_2$ storage performance in fractured geological formations depends critically on how uncertainty is transferred from the scale of individual fractures to the reservoir grid scale. Natural fracture networks exhibit complex aperture variability, roughness-controlled flow, and spatially correlated heterogeneity, yet conventional cubic-law representations often fail to...
Faults are common geologic structures in sedimentary basins that may host industrial-scale geologic CO$_2$ sequestration (GCS). However, their three-dimensional architecture and heterogeneous material distribution are typically poorly characterized, which poses significant challenges for assessing the risk of fluid migration. To support the safe scale-up of GCS, decision-support methods must...
Modeling reactive transport in porous media is inherently affected by uncertainty.
Uncertainty in mechanistic models primarily stems from our limited knowledge of geochemical reaction pathways and (often site-specific) underlying processes, giving rise to structural model uncertainty, as well as from our limited understanding of how spatially heterogeneous hydrogeological properties of...
