Speaker
Description
Objectives/Scope: This study aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation of geothermal energy as a reliable and sustainable energy resource. It examines geothermal sources, utilization pathways, and technological developments, while assessing technical, environmental, and regional considerations to support sustainable geothermal deployment worldwide.
Methods, Procedures, Process: A systematic review-based methodology was employed, integrating published literature, technical reports, and global case studies related to geothermal energy systems. The study evaluates geothermal resource types, exploration and investigation techniques, and drilling practices, with a particular focus on wellbore stability, circulation losses, and high-temperature cementation. Comparative analyses of direct and indirect geothermal applications were conducted, including electricity generation technologies such as binary cycle, dry steam, and flash steam power plants. Case studies from China, Turkey, and Indonesia were analyzed to assess technical feasibility, environmental impacts, and modeling approaches.
Results, Observations, Conclusions: The findings indicate that geothermal energy offers significant potential as a low-emission, baseload renewable energy source capable of contributing meaningfully to global energy security. Direct-use applications, such as space heating, aquaculture, and greenhouse heating, were found to be technologically mature and economically attractive, particularly in regions with moderate geothermal gradients. Indirect applications through electricity generation demonstrated strong performance when matched with appropriate reservoir characteristics and power cycle selection. Drilling and well construction challenges, including circulation loss, wellbore instability, and cement degradation at elevated temperatures, remain critical barriers. However, advances in drilling fluids, lost circulation materials, and high-temperature cement systems have substantially improved operational reliability. With appropriate policy frameworks, targeted exploration, and technology transfer, geothermal energy could play a strategic role in diversifying world's energy mix. Overall, the study concludes that geothermal energy can substantially support climate mitigation goals, reduce dependence on fossil fuels, and contribute to multiple United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). By linking technological advancements with environmental objectives and SDGs, it provides a holistic framework for sustainable geothermal energy development.
| Country | Kazakhstan |
|---|---|
| Green Housing & Porous Media Focused Abstracts | This abstract is related to Green Housing |
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