Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), a class of some 12,000 chemicals, are recognized as contaminants of emerging concern by the US Environmental Protection Agency, which has recently promulgated stringent (part per trillion) nationwide drinking water standards for a few of the most prevalent of these compounds. Historically, PFAS were essential ingredients of aqueous film forming foams...
Engineering material porosity was initiated to harness their properties in catalysis and separation. Shortly after, adapting porosity to nanotechnology was embraced by the biomedical field: Particle porosity not only can accommodate, concentrate and protect nanocatalysts or nanotherapeutics from small molecule drugs to nucleic acids and proteins, but we have found that they also exhibit...
Flow systems can evolve toward greater efficiency by adapting, or ‘morphing’, their configuration to decrease flow resistance. Flow channels function in concert with the structures around them, as a combination of long and fast flows along the channels, with short and slow flows through the surrounding medium. The ability to predict flow patterns enables engineers to propose flow designs for...
CO2 has gas like viscosity and liquid-like density. Injection in the subsurface results in wide distribution and possibility of leakage. Direct visocosification of CO2 at low concentration requires engineering of new molecules that can be effective in the subsurface conditions. The phase behavior description of water/brine and CO2 is still an unresolved issue. Advances are being made for...
