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The Gulong shale oil resources in the Songliao Basin are abundant, predominantly concentrated in the Qingshankou and Nenjiang Formations. Immature to low-maturity shale is widely distributed, particularly in the first and second members, with a maturity level (Ro) generally below 0.75%. In-situ transformation methods can convert the organic matter within immature and low-maturity shale into recoverable oil and gas. Among these methods, in-situ combustion heating is a promising technique, though it is still in the early stages of development.This study presents laboratory experiments on in-situ combustion heating for immature and low-maturity shale oil. The optimal combustion temperature range was identified as 400–450 °C based on an analysis of heavy-component combustion products. The experiments showed that organic carbon combustion in shale oil from the Daqing area releases heat, consuming 2.25% of the total mass at 450 °C. With an organic carbon energy release of approximately 40 MJ/kg (comparable to conventional crude oil at 41 MJ/kg) and a reference recovery rate of 65% under field conditions using red-light fire flooding, it was estimated that 20% of the dissipated heat could transfer to the top and bottom cover layers.Moreover, 1 m³ of shale oil can achieve a temperature of 478.77 °C using its self-generated energy, which is equivalent to injecting 702.6 tons of 400 °C steam into the reservoir. This process facilitates steam heating, in-situ upgrading of immature and low-maturity shale oil, and supports green electric heating initiatives.This study underscores the potential of in-situ combustion heating as a viable and efficient technique for the recovery of immature and low-maturity shale oil. It provides a theoretical basis for advancing the green, low-carbon, and efficient development of these resources.
| Country | China |
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